Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 157-173 (2025)
TENSILE BEHAVIOR OF T-STUB TO HOLLOW SECTION COLUMN USING
THREAD-FIXED ONE-SIDE BOLTS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
Yang You 1, 2, Jing-Yu Wu 3, 4 and Bin Yang 5, *
1 School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, China
2 Shandong Key Laboratory of Technologies and Systems for Intelligent Construction Equipment,
Shandong Jiaotong University, China
3 Qingdao Geological Exploration Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, China
4 School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 256001, China
5 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
*(Corresponding author: E-mail:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Received: 7 July 2024; Revised: 25 December 2024; Accepted: 1 January 2025
DOI:10.18057/IJASC.2025.21.2.7
 View Article |
Export Citation: Plain Text | RIS | Endnote |
ABSTRACT
The Thread-fixed One-side Bolt (TOB), which utilizes internal threads in the bolt hole instead of a nut, enables installation from one side, thereby overcoming the challenge of connecting closed-section components, such as steel tube columns, which are not suitable for traditional bolt connections. This study establishes and validates a Finite Element Model (FEM) to investigate the mechanical performance of TOB connections under high temperature conditions. The results show that the wall thickness of the column has a significant influence on the performance of the connection; an increase in wall thickness substantially enhances both stiffness and bearing capacity. For columns with thinner walls, applying preload can improve stiffness. Furthermore, increasing the material strength of the column wall improves bearing capacity but has little effect on stiffness. For columns with insufficient wall thickness, the mechanical performance of the connection can be significantly enhanced by installing Internal Constraint Components (ICC) within the tube. Based on the FEM analysis results, a calculation method for the bearing capacity of TOB connections, accounting for high-temperature deformation and material degradation, is proposed. This method accurately predicts the yield bearing capacity at different temperatures. This research provides theoretical support for the design and application of TOB connections in engineering.
KEYWORDS
One-side bolt, High temperature, Tensile behavior, Closed section
REFERENCES
[1] You Y, Li Y, Lin C, et al. Post-fire behavior of square hollow section column connections using thread-anchored blind bolts[C]//Structures. Elsevier, 2024, 59: 105706.
[2] Lindapter. Type HB – Hollo-bolt. Cavity fixings 2, Product brochure. UK: Lindapter International; 2012. p. 41–3.
[3] Wang Z Y, Wang Q Y. Yield and ultimate strengths determination of a blind bolted endplate connection to square hollow section column[J]. Engineering structures, 2016, 111: 345-369.
[4]. Cabrera M, Tizani W, Ninic J, et al. Experimental and numerical analysis of preload in Extended Hollo-Bolt blind bolts[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2021, 186: 106885.
[5] Pan H, Chen J, Liu Y. Low-cycle fatigue behavior on the tensile region of Hollo-bolted angle connections[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2023, 208: 107967.
[6] Pascual A M, Romero M L, Tizani W. Fire performance of blind-bolted connections to concrete filled tubular columns in tension[J]. Engineering Structures, 2015, 96: 111-125.
[7] Pascual A M, Romero M L, Tizani W. Thermal behaviour of blind-bolted connections to hollow and concrete-filled steel tubular columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2015, 107: 137-149.
[8] Song T Y, Tao Z, Razzazzadeh A, et al. Fire performance of blind bolted composite beam to column joints[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2017, 132: 29-42.
[9] Lee J, Goldsworthy H M, Gad E F. Blind bolted T-stub connections to unfilled hollow section columns in low rise structures[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2010, 66(8-9): 981-992.
[10] Hosseini S M, Mamun M S, Mirza O, et al. Behaviour of blind bolt shear connectors subjected to static and fatigue loading[J]. Engineering Structures, 2020, 214: 110584.
[11] BS EN 1993-1-8. Design of Steel Structures - Part 1-8: General Rules - Design of Joints. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels (2005)
[12] Wan C, Bai Y, Ding C, et al. Mechanical performance of elliptical one-sided joints: Loading direction and bolt row effects[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2022, 197: 107461.
[13] Sun L, Liu M, Liu Y, et al. Studies on T-shaped one-side bolted connection to hollow section column under bending[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2020, 175: 106359.
[14] Li Y L, Zhao X L. Study on stainless steel blind bolted T-stub to concrete-filled stainless steel tube connections[J]. Engineering Structures, 2022, 257: 114107.
[15] Fan S, Wang J, Duan S, et al. Experimental study on forming mechanism and mechanical properties of novel self-tightening one-side bolt[J]. Engineering Structures, 2023, 283: 115915.
[16] You Y, Li Y, Lin C, et al. Postfire Performance of Thread-Anchored Blind-Bolted Connection[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2023, 149(12): 04023173.
[17] You Y, Zhang S, Xing D, et al. Study on tensile behavior and design methods of thread-fixed one-side bolted joints to concrete-filled steel tubes[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2024, 222: 108958.
[18] Li G Q, Jiang Y H, Zhong Y L, et al. Studies on resistance behavior of modified blind-bolts under pure tension and shear[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2023, 210: 108114.
[19] You Y, Zhu H, Liu X, et al. Post fire tensile behavior of thread-fixed one-side bolt strengthened by backing plate[J]. Engineering Structures, 2022, 252: 113577.
[20] You Y, Liu M, Liu Y, et al. Experimental studies on thread-fixed one-side bolted T-stubs in tension at elevated temperatures[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2020, 171: 106139.
[21] Wang P, You Y, Wang Q, et al. Post-fire tensile behavior of hole-anchored bolted T-stub connection[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2021, 187: 106941.
[22] P398. Steel Construction Institute. Joints in Steel Construction: Moment-Resisting Joint to Eurocode 3 (2014)
[23] Wang W, Zhang Y, Xu L, et al. Mechanical properties of high-strength Q960 steel at elevated temperature[J]. Fire safety journal, 2020, 114: 103010.
[24] BS EN 1993-1-2. Design of Steel Structures - Part 1-2: General Rules - Structural Fire Design European Committee for Standardization, Brussels (2005)
[25] Pang X P, Hu Y, Tang S L, et al. Physical properties of high-strength bolt materials at elevated temperatures[J]. Results in Physics, 2019, 13: 102156.
[26] GB 50017–-2017. Code for Design of Steel Structure. China Architecture Publishing & Media Co. Ltd. Beijing (2017). (in Chinese)
[27] Wang F, Zhao O, Young B. Testing and numerical modelling of S960 ultra-high strength steel angle and channel section stub columns[J]. Engineering Structures, 2020, 204: 109902.
[28] Pijpers R J M, Slot H M. Friction coefficients for steel to steel contact surfaces in air and seawater[C]//Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 2020, 1669(1): 012002.
[29] Wang P, You Y, Xu Q, et al. Shear Behavior of Lapped Connections Bolted by thread-fixed one-side bolts at elevated temperatures[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2021, 125: 103415.
[30] Yu H, Burgess I W, Davison J B, et al. Numerical simulation of bolted steel connections in fire using explicit dynamic analysis[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2008, 64(5): 515-525.
[31] Wang P, You Y, Liu M, et al. Behavior of thread-fixed one-side bolted T-stubs with backing plates at ambient and elevated temperatures[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2020, 170: 106093.
[32] You Y, Gu H, Wang Q, et al. Fire behavior of novel Thread-anchored One-side bolted connection with internal component[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2022, 194: 107337.
[33] GB/T 192–-2003. National Standard of Peoples Republic of China, General Purpose Metric Screw Threads-basic Profile. China Construction Press (2003). (in Chinese)
[34] GB/T 196–-2003. National Standard of Peoples Republic of China, General Purpose Metric Screw Threads-basic Dimensions. China Construction Press (2003). (in Chinese)
[35] Liu Y, You Y, Bai Y, et al. Behavior of Square Hollow Section column connection using Thread-anchored One-side Bolt under tensile force at high temperature[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2022, 50: 104150.
[36] You Y, Le L, Xiao J, et al. A numerical investigation of the tensile behavior of the thread-fixed one-side bolted T-stubs at high temperature[J]. Steel and Composite Structures, 2022, 45(4): 605.
[37] Wang P, Sun L, Liu M, et al. Experimental studies on thread-fixed one-side bolted connection of beam to hollow square steel tube under static bending moment[J]. Engineering Structures, 2020, 214: 110655.