Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 222-236 (2026)
STUDY ON BAND GAP CHARACTERISTICS OF PERIODIC GRID STRUCTURE
AND SHOCK WAVE ATTENUATION IN IT
Hai-Xiang Zhao 1, Bai-Qian Sun 1, En Zhang 2, Zhi-Xing Wang 3, Li-Gang Zheng 3, Qian Yang 3,
Peng-Cheng Chen 1, * and Guo-Yun Lu 1
1 College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
2 Department of Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Taiyuan University, Taiyuan 030032, Shanxi, China
3 Shanxi Xiaohe Construction Industry Co., Ltd, Taiyuan 030032, Shanxi, China
*(Corresponding author: E-mail:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Received: 11 March 2025; Revised: 4 July 2025; Accepted: 18 July 2025
DOI:10.18057/IJASC.2026.22.2.8
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ABSTRACT
The unique band gap characteristics of periodic structures result in varying degrees of attenuation of elastic wave propagation across different frequency ranges. With the increasing demand for periodic grid structures, particularly long-span grids, in various sectors of industry and daily life, the issues of vibration reduction and isolation in such structures have become increasingly prominent. Inspired by the periodic properties of phononic crystals, this study conducts a mechanical analysis of grid rod elements, derives the corresponding periodic equations, and investigates their underlying periodic mechanisms. Numerical simulations confirm the existence of band gaps in steel and aluminum hybrid grid rods and examine the effects of the rod’s Elastic modulus, density, and inner radius on these band gap characteristics. Finally, the impact attenuation performance of the steel–aluminum hybrid grid rod is compared with that of pure steel and pure aluminum grid rods. The results show that: (1) with increasing Elastic modulus, the starting frequency, end frequency, and width of the widest band gap all increase, while the starting frequency, end frequency, and width of the 13th-order band gap first increase and then disappear; (2) with increasing density, the width of the widest band gap decreases, and the starting frequency, end frequency, and width of the 16th-order band gap all decrease until it disappears; (3) with increasing inner radius, the width of the widest band gap increases, and the starting frequency, end frequency, and width of the 19th-order band gap all increase, with low-frequency band gaps gradually emerging; and (4) compared to steel and aluminum grid rods, the steel and aluminum hybrid grid rod exhibits superior impact wave attenuation performance, with the band gap characteristics of single-rod elements playing a critical role in suppressing vibrations throughout the entire grid structure.
KEYWORDS
Periodic structures, Grid structure, Band gap, Vibration reduction and isolation, Steel structure
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